Aorta: Difference between revisions
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==Aorta== | |||
The thoracic aorta can be subdivided ito the aortic root (including the aortic annulus, aortic valve, and sinuses of Valsalva), the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the descending aorta. | |||
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|bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="center"|[[Image:Aortatract.svg|400px]] | |||
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!Picture source: Eur J Echocardiogr 2010;11:645-58<cite>1</cite> | |||
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==Aortic Dimensions== | ==Aortic Dimensions== | ||
Aortic dimensions decrease from sinuses of Valsalva to the descending aorta. | |||
{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="600px" | {| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="600px" | ||
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!Aortic Root | !Aortic Root | ||
|29 - | |29 - 45 mm (19 ± 1 mm/m<sup>2</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Sinotubular junction | !Sinotubular junction | ||
|22 - | |22 - 36 mm (15 ± 1 mm/m<sup>2</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Tube | !Tube | ||
|22 - | |22 - 36 mm (15 ± 2 mm/m<sup>2</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Aortic Arch | !Aortic Arch | ||
|22 - | |22 - 36 mm | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Descending aorta | !Descending aorta | ||
|20 - | |20 - 30 mm | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Abdominal aorta | !Abdominal aorta | ||
|20 - | |20 - 30 mm | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| According to current recommendations measurements should be made using the leading edge to leading edge method, where callipers are placed on the outer layer of the anterior wall and the inner layer of the posterior wall. | ||
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==Aortic coarctation== | |||
Imaging of the aortic arch usually works best from the jugular (sternal supra). When evaluating a patient with a suspected coarctation always pay attention to associated anomalies such as: | Imaging of the aortic arch usually works best from the jugular (sternal supra). When evaluating a patient with a suspected coarctation always pay attention to associated anomalies such as: | ||
*Bicuspid aortic valve | |||
*Aortic valve stenosis | |||
*Patent ductus arteriosus | |||
*VSD | |||
*Mitral valve abnormalities | |||
Continuous wave | ==Determining coarctation<cite>2</cite>== | ||
Typical CW Doppler signal from descending aorta with diastolic forward flow matching hemodynamically significant coarctation. | |||
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!Instrument | |||
!Remark | |||
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!width="100px"|Location | |||
|width="100px"|Color doppler | |||
|The origin of the carotid and subclavian artery are reference points for locating the coarctation. | |||
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!Speed Profile | |||
|Continuous wave | |||
|Remember that collaterals systolic maximum speed but does reduce the diastolic gradient persists. In the presence of diastolic forward flow refers to a hemodynamically significant coarctation. | |||
Typical CW Doppler signal from descending aorta with diastolic forward flow matching hemodynamically significant coarctation. | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
#1 | #1 pmid=20823280 | ||
</biblio> | </biblio> |