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Left Atrium: Difference between revisions
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==Left atrial dimensions== | ==Left atrial dimensions== | ||
==Left atrial pressure (LAP) <cite> | {| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="700px" | ||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="4"|Women | |||
!colspan="4"|Men | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|'''Reference range''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Mildly abnormal''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Moderately abnormal''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Severely abnormal''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Reference range''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Mildly abnormal''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Moderately abnormal''' | |||
|align="center"|'''Severely abnormal''' | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="9"|'''Atrial dimensions''' | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|LA diameter, cm | |||
|align="center"|2.7–3.8 | |||
|align="center"|3.9–4.2 | |||
|align="center"|4.3–4.6 | |||
|align="center"|≥4.7 | |||
|align="center"|3.0–4.0 | |||
|align="center"|4.1–4.6 | |||
|align="center"|4.7–5.2 | |||
|align="center"|≥5.2 | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|LA diameter/BSA, cm/m2 | |||
|align="center"|1.5–2.3 | |||
|align="center"|2.4–2.6 | |||
|align="center"|2.7–2.9 | |||
|align="center"|≥3.0 | |||
|align="center"|1.5–2.3 | |||
|align="center"|2.4–2.6 | |||
|align="center"|2.7–2.9 | |||
|align="center"|≥3.0 | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|RA minor-axis dimension, cm | |||
|align="center"|2.9–4.5 | |||
|align="center"|4.6–4.9 | |||
|align="center"|5.0–5.4 | |||
|align="center"|≥5.5 | |||
|align="center"|2.9–4.5 | |||
|align="center"|4.6–4.9 | |||
|align="center"|5.0–5.4 | |||
|align="center"|≥5.5 | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|RA minor-axis dimension/BSA, cm/m2 | |||
|align="center"|1.7–2.5 | |||
|align="center"|2.6–2.8 | |||
|align="center"|2.9–3.1 | |||
|align="center"|≥3.2 | |||
|align="center"|1.7–2.5 | |||
|align="center"|2.6–2.8 | |||
|align="center"|2.9–3.1 | |||
|align="center"|≥3.2 | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="9"|'''Atrial area''' | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|LA area, cm2 | |||
|align="center"|≤20 | |||
|align="center"|20–30 | |||
|align="center"|30–40 | |||
|align="center"|>40 | |||
|align="center"|≤20 | |||
|align="center"|20–30 | |||
|align="center"|30–40 | |||
|align="center"|>40 | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="9"|'''Atrial volumes''' | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|LA volume, mL | |||
|align="center"|22–52 | |||
|align="center"|53–62 | |||
|align="center"|63–72 | |||
|align="center"|≥73 | |||
|align="center"|18–58 | |||
|align="center"|59–68 | |||
|align="center"|69–78 | |||
|align="center"|≥79 | |||
|- | |||
!LA volume/BSA, mL/m2 | |||
!22 ± 6 | |||
!29–33 | |||
!34–39 | |||
!≥40 | |||
!22 ± 6 | |||
!29–33 | |||
!34–39 | |||
!≥40 | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="9"|'''Bold values:''' Recommended and best validated.<cite>1</cite> | |||
Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=lavolbpm '''here'''] for LA volume calculation. | |||
|} | |||
==Left atrial pressure (LAP) <cite>2</cite>== | |||
{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" | {| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Image:400px-LAP normalEF svg.png | |[[Image:400px-LAP normalEF svg.png]] | ||
|[[Image:400px-LAP reducedEF svg.png | |- | ||
|[[Image:400px-LAP reducedEF svg.png]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan="2"|Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=lapmr '''here'''] for calculation of LA pressure by mitral regurgitation. | |colspan="2"|Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=lapmr '''here'''] for calculation of LA pressure by mitral regurgitation. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
#1 pmid=19187853 | #1 pmid=16458610 | ||
#2 pmid=19187853 | |||
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||