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Reference values for normal adult TEE measurements

Reference values for normal adult TEE measurements

Parameter		Mean ± SD (mm)	Range (mm)
	Right pulmonary artery diameter	17 ± 3	12-22
	Left upper pulmonary vein diameter	11 ± 2	7-16
Left atrial appendage	Length	28 ± 5	15-43
	Diameter	16 ± 5	10-28
	Superior vena cava diameter	15 ± 3	8-20
	Right ventricular outflow tract diameter	27 ± 4	16-36
Left atrium	Anteroposterior diameter	38 ± 6	20-52
	Medial-lateral diameter	39 ± 7	24-52
Right atrium	Anteroposterior diameter	38 ± 5	28-52
	Medial-lateral diameter	38 ± 6	29-53
	Tricuspid annular diameter	28 ± 5	20-40
	Mitral annular diameter	29 ± 4	20-38
	Coronary sinus diameter	6.6 ± 1.5	4-10
Left ventricle	Anteroposterior diameter (diastole)	43 ± 7	33-55
	Medial-lateral diameter (diastole)	42 ± 7	23-54
	Anteroposterior diameter (systole)	28 ± 6	18-40
	Medial-lateral diameter (systole)	27 ± 6	18-42
	Aortic root diameter	28 ± 3	21-34
Descending thoracic aorta diameter	Proximal	21 ± 4	14-30
	Distal	20 ± 4	13-28
a Right pulmonary artery diameter measured in midesophageal ascending aorta short-axis view. b Aortic root and right ventricular outflow tract diameters measured in the midesophageal right ventricular inflow/outflow tract view. c Atrial (end-systole) and both mitral and tricuspid annular (mid-diastole) diameters measured in the midesophageal four-chamber view. d Left ventricular dimensions measured in transgastric mid short-axis view. SD, standard deviation. Adapted from Cohen G, White M, Sochowski R, et al. Reference values for normal transesophageal measurements. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995;8:221-230.