Normal Values: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 886: Line 886:
|-
|-
| colspan="5" | <ul><li><em>CW</em>, Continuous wave; <em>EROA</em>, effective regurgitant orifice area; <em>LA</em>, left atrium; <em>LV</em>, left ventricle; <em>MV</em>, mitral valve; <em>MR</em>, mitral regurgitation; <em>R Vol</em>, regurgitant volume; <em>RF</em>, regurgitant fraction.</li></ul>
| colspan="5" | <ul><li><em>CW</em>, Continuous wave; <em>EROA</em>, effective regurgitant orifice area; <em>LA</em>, left atrium; <em>LV</em>, left ventricle; <em>MV</em>, mitral valve; <em>MR</em>, mitral regurgitation; <em>R Vol</em>, regurgitant volume; <em>RF</em>, regurgitant fraction.</li></ul>
<sup>&lowast;</sup> LV size applied only to chronic lesions. Normal 2D measurements: LV minor axis &le; 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, LV end-diastolic volume &le; 82 ml/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA antero-posterior diameter &le; 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA volume &le; 36 ml/m<sup>2</sup> (2;33;35).<br/>
<sup>&lowast;</sup> LV size applied only to chronic lesions. Normal 2D measurements: LV minor axis &le; 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, LV end-diastolic volume &le; 82 ml/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA antero-posterior diameter &le; 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal <br/>LA volume &le; 36 ml/m<sup>2</sup> (2;33;35).
<sup>&lowast;&lowast;</sup> In the absence of other etiologies of LV and LA dilatation and acute MR.<br/>
<br/>
<sup>&psi;</sup> At a Nyquist limit of 50-60 cm/s.<br/>
<sup>&lowast;&lowast;</sup> In the absence of other etiologies of LV and LA dilatation and acute MR.
<sup>&Phi;</sup> Usually above 50 years of age or in conditions of impaired relaxation, in the absence of mitral stenosis or other causes of elevated LA pressure.<br/>
<br/>
<sup>&sigmaf;</sup> Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius &lt; 0.4 cm and &le; 0.9 cm for central jets, respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist of 40 cm/s; Cut-offs for eccentric jets are higher, and should be angle corrected (see text).<br/>
<sup>&psi;</sup> At a Nyquist limit of 50-60 cm/s.
<br/>
<sup>&Phi;</sup> Usually above 50 years of age or in conditions of impaired relaxation, in the absence of mitral stenosis or other causes of elevated LA pressure.
<br/>
<sup>&sigmaf;</sup> Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius &lt; 0.4 cm and &le; 0.9 cm for central jets, respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist of 40 cm/s; Cut-offs for <br/>eccentric jets are higher, and should be angle corrected (see text).
<br/>
<sup>&phi;</sup> Quantitative parameters can help sub-classify the moderate regurgitation group into mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe as shown.
<sup>&phi;</sup> Quantitative parameters can help sub-classify the moderate regurgitation group into mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe as shown.


Navigation menu