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*[[case 9|Dilated cardiomyopathy with severe mitral valve regurgitation]] *[[case 17|3D-4D Left ventricle and Mitral Valve]]

*[[case 5|Four leaflet aortic valve]] *[[case 6|Aortic valve vegetation]]

...bstruction. This is commonly the result of rheumatic heart disease, severe mitral annular calcification, left atrial myxoma and other tumors, congenital diso ...as a single unit. The posterior leaflet becomes immobile and the anterior mitral leaflet tethering results in a “hockey stick” appearance. These changes

[[Assessment of the mitral valve]] * [[Mitral regurgitation]]

|Title = Severe aortic valve stenosis ...concentric hypertrophy of left ventricle, thickend aortic valve and mitral valve prosthesis

*[[Case 78|Severe aortic, mitral, tricuspid en pulmonary valve regurgitaiton]] *[[Case 127|Prolaps of tricuspid valve]]

*[[Case 78|Severe aortic, mitral, tricuspid en pulmonary valve regurgitaiton]] *[[Case 128|Pulmonary valve stenosis]]

*[[Aortic Valve]] **[[Aortic Valve Insufficiency]]

|Title = Bicuspid aortic valve ...riptionfile1=PLAX: dilated ascending aorta in patient with bicuspid aortic valve

|Title = Severe mitral valve stenosis, mitral regurgitation, aortic regurgitation |descriptionfile1=PLAX: dilated left atrium, mitral valve is stenotic, "hockeystick phenomenon"

==Quantification of mitral valve stenosis<cite>1</cite>== Various techniques can be used to estimate the severity of a mitral valve stenosis.

...y to the septum. The valve is located slightly to the apex than the mitral valve.<cite>1</cite> ==Stenosis==

|Title = Severe mitral valve stenosis |descriptionfile1=PLAX: dilated left atrium, mitral valve is stenotic, "hockeystick phenomenon"

...ndineae, small tendons which ensure that the leaflets do not prolapse, the valve leaflets are attached to two major papillary muscles (anterolateral en post ...l heart showing the coronary arteries and four valves including the mitral valve with its anterior (A) and posterior (P) leaflets<cite>1</cite>

*[[case 5|Four leaflet aortic valve]] *[[case 6|Aortic valve vegetation]]

*[[case 5|Four leaflet aortic valve]] *[[case 6|Aortic valve vegetation]]

..., ascending aorta, left ventricular outflow tract, left atrium, and mitral valve (posterior and anterior leaflets). ...rior leaflets can be observed, therefore allowing the evaluation of mitral valve structure and integrity. Since there is complete visualization of the left

...e to the apex. This view is useful in helping with the diagnosis of mitral stenosis and congenital heart disease, among others. ...parasternal short axis view (SAX) is usually made on three levels: mitral valve level, midpapillary level, and aortic level.

...e to the apex. This view is useful in helping with the diagnosis of mitral stenosis and congenital heart disease, among others. ...parasternal short axis view (SAX) is usually made on three levels: mitral valve level, midpapillary level, and aortic level.

...aorta. This movement will make the image of the right atrium and tricuspid valve disappear from the monitor, replacing it with the image of the aorta. The a ...horacic aorta. These structures may be evaluated in relation to the mitral valve and the interventricular septum.

* [[Aortic Valve]] * [[Classification of valve stenosis and regurgitation]]

=Aortic Valve= ==Aortic valve stenosis - severity==

==Different types of valve art== ...f a valve prosthesis it is necessary to be aware of the different types of valve prostheses. There is a difference in the kind and in the type and diameter.

...an be subdivided ito the aortic root (including the aortic annulus, aortic valve, and sinuses of Valsalva), the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the de *The presence of aortic valve insufficiency

|+ Normal Values Mechanical Aortic Valve Art<cite>1</cite> !Valve

| style="padding-left:12px" | Above aortic valve (RVOT 1), cm | style="padding-left:12px" | Above pulmonic valve (RVOT 2), cm

| style="padding-left:12px" | Above aortic valve (RVOT 1), cm | style="padding-left:12px" | Above pulmonic valve (RVOT 2), cm

...They even went a step ahead and could detect restenosis in patients after mitral commissurotomy. The vital part of their success was their ability to record

...ion of other compartments, and an insufficiency of mitral and/or tricuspid valve ...symmetrical hypertrophy of the myocardium (not to be confused with aortic stenosis or hypertension).

...e can measure very high velocities (i.e., velocities of aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation). The advantage of CW is high sensitivity and ease of detect ...e sonographer (i.e., the velocity at the LVOT or at the tips of the mitral valve). This is called range resolution. The major disadvantage of PW Doppler i